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Sample typesy11/19/2022 ![]() Non-invasive sample types for cancer screening and detection are gaining interest One study suggested that this means women with low risk of breast cancer may be undergoing unnecessary screening tests, while women with a higher risk may be waiting a long time between screenings, which can delay other examinations such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 4. However, this method of risk-based screening does not necessarily consider the individual risk of patients. For instance, a mammography x-ray scan, which examines a woman's breast is the traditional approach for breast cancer screening. The invasive nature of blood tests also prevents repeated measurements and can pose risks to the patient and caregiver 2.įurther, for some cancer types, standard screening methods follow a one size fits all approach, which might not take into consideration all factors. Additionally, blood sampling also has drawbacks as it contains a relatively high and complex protein repertoire, which can interfere with biomarker measurements. Obtaining tissue samples is not always feasible and the process can be invasive, painful, expensive, time-intensive, as well as clinician dependent 2. However, there are challenges with these methods. The collection and analysis of DNA from tissue and blood have long been considered the gold standards in oncology studies 3. Scientists and clinicians alike are constantly working to learn more about the role of genetics in cancer to improve screening and detection. ![]() Standard methods for cancer screening and detection ![]() ![]() Over the years, due to advances in key technologies and the ability to sequence the entire human genome, several biomarkers have been found in tissues as well as body fluids 2, adding a new dimension to the field of cancer research. Therefore, finding methods for screening and early detection are key to improving the way the disease is managed and monitored. It is well-known that early diagnosis of cancer can greatly increase chances of survival. There are several cancer types, which can develop due to a combination of factors, including family history, or aspects of lifestyle and/or environment 1. Non-invasive sample types for cancer research and screeningĬancer is a disease that is caused by changes in genes that control the way cells function. ![]()
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